Google’s 25Th Anniversary: How a Research Project Changed the Web

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Google was incorporated on September 4, 1998, by Larry Page and Sergey Brin. The date is commonly treated as the company’s founding anniversary. However, the story began earlier. Page and Brin met as graduate students at Stanford University and started working together on a search technology in 1996.

Their first search engine was called BackRub. It examined links between web pages to estimate the importance of a page, rather than relying only on the words appearing on it. The approach was influenced by the way academic papers cite one another: a page linked by many important pages could be considered more valuable than one with few references.

Google’s name came from “googol”, the mathematical term for the number represented by 1 followed by 100 zeros. The name reflected the founders’ ambition to organise an enormous amount of information. The company’s first office was a rented garage in Menlo Park, California, belonging to Susan Wojcicki, who later became the chief executive of YouTube.